[Effect of acute urological complications on the course of pregnancy]. / Vplyv akútnych urologických príhod na priebeh gravidity.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate influence of acute urological cases (AUC) on course and results of pregnancies. DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study. SETTING: 1st Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Department Urology Faculty Hospital, Kosice, Slovakia. METHODS: 40 pregnant women with AUC aged 15-34 years (average 24) which delivered at our Department. RESULTS: The most often occurrence of AUC was in the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancies. 62.5% women were primiparas. The most frequent urological complication was acute pyelonephritis (APNP)-23 (57%) patients, more often on the right side 4.75: 1. 27 patients (67.5%) had renal colic, more often presents on the right side (6:1). 83% women had infection of urinary tract (IUT). 34 (85%) women were treated by antibiotics or urodesinficiens. 70% pregnancies were closed as intact pregnancies without intrauterine risk of the fetus. Signs of premature labour had 8 patients (20%), hypotrophy of the fetus was evaluated in two patients (5%) and 2 pregnancies were terminated by caesarean section due to intrauterine asphyxia of the fetus. We identified nearly double increase of premature labours in the group of women with AUC in opposition to average in 1998 at Kosice district. Risk of newborn early asphyxia syndrome at the 1. minute is important (12.5%). CONCLUSION: Almost 1/3 pregnancies with AUC have obstetrical complication. Most common incidence of AUC is at the first gravidity, at the right side. AUC require complete obstetrical and urological examination with adequate therapy. We can reduce incidence by careful prenatal care and therapy.

Changes of erythrocyte deformability in pregnancy with intrauterine fetal hypoxy.

Based on changes of erythrocyte deformability (ED) found in normal pregnancy the authors decided to study the group of pregnant women with intrauterine fetal hypoxy. We selected 47 pregnant patients between 32 and 37 weeks of pregnancy with intrauterine fetal hypoxy, which was diagnosed by Doppler umbilical cord artery blood flow measurement and/or by CTG signs of fetal hypoxy. The control group was composed of 26 healthy women in the third trimester of pregnancy with uncomplicated pregnancy and labor. ED was studied in the venous blood of pregnant women using method of colloid-osmotic hemolysis (Mirossay et al., Clin Haemorheol Microcircul, 1997). 21 newborns from the study group, treated for intrauterine fetal hypoxy, were born without symptoms of hypoxy (non verified hypoxy) and 26 newborns had a diagnosis of hypoxy, based on Apgar score, pH, base excess, bicarbonate and clinical symptoms (verified hypoxy). The entire group of 47 pregnant women with fetal hypoxy had significantly decreased ED. The changes of ED in the group with non verified hypoxy post partum were less pronounced comparing to the group with verified hypoxy. The pattern of these changes is similar to those observed one day prior to delivery in normal pregnancy. Pregnancy complicated by intrauterine fetal hypoxy is accompanied by statistically highly significant decrease of erythrocyte deformability. Interestingly similar changes can be observed in the late uncomplicated pregnancy prior to delivery.

Comparison of two methods in erythrocyte microrheology determination using glutaraldehyde-treated cells.

The change in human red blood cell microrheology in different glutaraldehyde concentrations (1.5, 3.0 and 5.0 x 10(-6) mol l-1) was studied. The method of millipore filtration was compared with the method of cation-osmotic hemolysis. The obtained results revealed that the prolongation of the erythrocyte filtration time correlated with the curve shifts found in cation-osmotic hemolysis. Contrary to the filtration method, significant differences between two lower concentrations of glutaraldehyde (1.5 and 3.0 x 10(-6) mol l-1) were found. Therefore, we conclude that the cation-osmotic hemolysis is more sensitive than the filtration method in determining the red blood cell deformability.

Changes of erythrocyte microrheology during normal pregnancy and after delivery.

OBJECTIVES: The changes of blood hemorheology during pregnancy are still the subject of many studies. Erythrocyte membrane deformability (ED) as one of the main components forming blood hemorheology was studied in the present paper. STUDY DESIGN: The changes in ED were measured in healthy non-pregnant women and in three groups of pregnant women in the first, second and third trimester. The last group consisted of women after delivery. The colloid-osmotic hemolysis method in relation to the change ionic strength was used for ED measurements. The significance of differences was evaluated by the unpaired Student's t-test. RESULTS: The results revealed that ED during pregnancy progressively decreases but after delivery significantly increases. Statistical differences between means in all three trimesters were significant in comparison with non-pregnant women. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the changes of ED are important for the normal course of gravidity and are probably connected to hormonal changes during pregnancy and after delivery.

[Prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis of trisomy 21 using amniotic fluid cells]. / Prenatálna cytogenetická diagnostika trizómie 21 z buniek plodovej vody.

BACKGROUND: Trisomy 21 is the most frequent chromosomal disorder which is associated with advanced maternal age. OBJECTIVES: The aim of our work was to examine the risk of trisomy 21 occurrence in a group of pregnant women subdued to prenatal cytogenetic examination. METHODS: The examined group consisted of 1128 pregnant women. The cells for cytogenetic analysis were obtained by means of transabdominal amniocentesis during the second trimester of pregnancy. Cultivation of amniocytes lasted 15-20 days. The chromosomes were stained by a conventional and G-striping method. RESULTS: Cytogenetic analyses have indicated that the aberrant karyotype was present in 32 (2.82%) out of 1128 fetuses. In addition the results have confirmed that trisomy represented the most frequent chromosomal aberration (60%) detected by means of prenatal cytogenetic diagnostic examinations and the risk of its incidence increased exponentially in women who were older than 35 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: The prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis represents a significant role in the prevention of hereditary conditioned chromosomal disorders. (Tab. 1, Fig. 1, Ref, 13.)

[Prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis in older pregnant women]. / Prenatálna cytogenetická diagnostika u tehotných zien vyssích vekových skupín.

The paper deals with the genetic risk of advanced age of women assessed on the basis of prenatal cytogenetic analysis during the second trimester of gestation. The examined group comprised 614 pregnant women older than 35 years. The cells for chromosomal analysis were obtained by transabdominal amniocentesis during the 16th to 18th week of gestation. Cytogenetic examination revealed that the general risk of an aneuploid foetus in women of more advanced age is 2.12% and the most frequently encountered chromosomal aberration was trisomy 21 which was confirmed in 1.30 cytogenetically examined foetuses.